Doctor of Medical Sciences Proves the Mechanism of Vitamin D in Periodontitis Management

Doctor of Medical Sciences Proves the Mechanism of Vitamin D in Periodontitis Management

Taking place in the Postgraduate Meeting Room, Denpasar Postgraduate Building, a Doctoral Promotion exam was held with the promovenda candidate, drg. Hervina, M.Biomed., with the dissertation title "Mechanism of Vitamin D in Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis by Suppressing c-Jun Expression Through Stimulation of Osteoblasts and Osteoprotegerin and Suppressing Receptors Activator Of Nuclear Factor - Ligand in Alveolar Bone of Wistar Rats Induced by Periodontitis." (18/7/2023)

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues that causes mobility and loss of teeth. The prevalence of periodontitis in Indonesia is higher than other countries in the world. Periodontitis treatment both locally and systemically can stop the inflammatory process without improving the condition of the alveolar bone that has been reabsorbed, so a supplementation is needed to prevent periodontitis, namely by administering vitamin D.

The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of Vitamin D in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis in periodontitis by involving the parameters of osteoblasts, osteoprotegerin (OPG), Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor k-B Ligand (RANKL) and c-Jun expression. The research design used was an experimental randomized posttest only control group design using periodontitis-induced Wistar rats with Porphyromonas gingivalis bacterial isolate intrasulcularly, then bombarded with 2000 IU of vitamin D and observed on days 7, 14 and 28.

Measurement of RANKL and OPG levels was carried out using the ELISA technique, calculating the number of osteoblast and osteoclast cells by Haematoxylin Eosin staining, as well as immunohistochemistry examination to determine c-Jun expression and was measured using Image J software. The results obtained showed that there were differences in OPG levels, c-Jun expression , the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts appeared on day 28, and RANKL levels began to appear on day 14, where the number of osteoblast cells and OPG levels was higher, the levels of RANKL, c-Jun expression and the number of osteoclasts were lower in wistar rats induced periodontitis and given vitamin D compared to controls.

The results of pathway analysis showed that the parameters of osteoblast, OPG, and RANKL play a significant role in the parameter of c-Jun. Osteoblast, RANKL, OPG, and c-Jun parameters significantly influence osteoclasts.

The novelties in this study include: (1) The mechanism of vitamin D 2000 IU in inhibiting osteoclast formation by suppressing c-Jun expression through osteoblast stimulation, and OPG levels occurring on day 28 and suppressing RANKL levels starting on day 14 , (2) Osteoblast, OPG, and RANKL parameters play a significant role in the c-Jun parameter with a contribution of 86.00% while the remaining 14.00% is due to other influences not included in this study, (3) Osteoblast parameters , RANKL, OPG, and c-Jun had a significant effect on osteoclasts in the amount of 86.40% while the remaining 13.60% was due to other factors not included in this study.

The exam was led by the Deputy Dean for General Affairs and Finance of FK Unud, Dr. dr. Made Sudarmaja, M.Kes., with a team of examiners:

1. Dr. dr. I Made Bakta, Sp.PD-KHOM (Promoter)

2. Prof. drh. I Nyoman Mantik Astawa, Ph.D (Co-promoter I)

3.Dr. dr. Luh Putu Ratna Sundari, S.Ked., M.Biomed (Co-promoter II)

4. Dr. dr. I Made Jawi, M. Kes

5. Prof. Dr. Ir. Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba, M. Phil

6. Dr. dr. I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa, M.Si

7. Dr. dr. A.A Ngurah Subawa, M.Sc

8.Dr. dr. I Nyoman Golden, Sp.BS(K)

9.Dr. dr. I Made Muliarta, S.Ked., M.Kes

While academic invitations are:

1.Dr. drg. Mochammad Taha Ma'ruf, M.Erg

2.Dr. drg. Haris Nasutianto, M.Kes, Sp.RKG (K)

3. dr. I Made Winarsa Ruma, S.Ked., Ph.D

4.Dr. dr. Made Agus Hendrayana, M.Ked

5. dr. Agus Eka Darwinata, S.Ked., Ph.D

In this exam, Dr. drg. Hervina, M.Biomed., was declared to have graduated as the 391st Doctor Graduate of the Doctoral Degree in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University with cum laude predicate.